Societal outreach Understanding Takotsubo syndrome Takotsubo syndrome, often called broken heart syndrome, is a rare but potentially serious heart condition that mimics a heart attack. It is usually triggered by sudden emotional or physical stress and predominantly affects older women. Although symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or fainting can be alarming, the underlying cause is not a blocked coronary artery but a temporary disturbance in the heart’s pumping function. Once thought to be harmless, Takotsubo syndrome is now recognised as a condition that can lead to serious complications, such as heart failure, dangerous arrhythmias, or even death, particularly in the acute phase. While most patients heart function recovers within weeks, subtle dysfunction may persist for months or years, and recurrence is possible. Despite this, no treatment has yet been proven to improve survival or prevent relapse. This master’s thesis systematically reviewed recent scientific studies using the most up-to-date diagnostic criteria (the International Takotsubo, or InterTAK, Diagnostic Criteria). The review summarised the latest insights into the syndrome’s triggers, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, management strategies, and outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of early recognition, careful monitoring during the first days, and long-term follow-up, even after apparent recovery. For the general public, the message is simple: sudden chest pain or other heart-related symptoms should never be ignored, even after a strong emotional or physical event. For healthcare professionals, Takotsubo syndrome should be considered as an important differential diagnosis for acute coronary syndromes, particularly in postmenopausal women. Societal relevance and impact Takotsubo syndrome is still widely under-recognised, despite its potential for severe complications and lasting effects on quality of life. By systematically gathering and analysing the most recent evidence from studies using the InterTAK criteria, this thesis delivers an up-to-date overview that can directly inform clinical practice. For patients, the findings underscore that Takotsubo syndrome is not always a transient or harmless condition. Clearer information about recurrence risk, possible long-term heart changes, and the importance of follow-up care can improve patient engagement and adherence to monitoring. Increased public awareness may also lead to earlier medical contact in high-risk situations, especially after major emotional or physical stress events. From a healthcare system perspective, better recognition and targeted management could reduce unnecessary invasive procedures, shorten hospital stays in low-risk patients, and ensure timely intensive care for those at highest risk. Identifying gaps in treatment evidence can also help guide funding and research priorities toward effective, evidence-based therapies. By making recent scientific knowledge accessible and highlighting its practical implications, this work contributes to narrowing the gap between research and real-world care, ultimately aiming to improve survival, recovery, and quality of life for individuals affected by Takotsubo syndrome.