This study researched the effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) - plasma at a temperature and pressure suitable for the human body - on both healthy and cancerous human tissue. In preclinical laboratory studies, CAP has shown anticancer effects whilst leaving normal tissue relatively unharmed. Because of this, it has the potential to be applied in cancer therapy. This study found that these anticancer effects are confirmed in existing literature, both in laboratory conditions and in clinical settings. An experiment was conducted involving five patients who received CAP treatment during surgery for peritoneal metastases. Tissue samples from these patients were collected 30 minutes after treatment. Afterwards, the treated tissue, either healthy or cancerous, was studied by means of microscopy. Cells were stained for description of morphology and detection of cell death parameters. Although the sample size was too small to draw substantial conclusions, the experiment seemingly showed a slight correlation between treatment intensity and tissue damage. This damage was more present in cancerous than in healthy tissue. The societal impact of this study primarily lies in its implications for cancer therapy. As a pilot study was one of the first to study the effects of CAP on human tissue. Therefore, it could serve as one of the first steps in the development of an exciting new tool in the fight against cancer. If successful, this approach may bring humanity one step closer to cancer as a more manageable and treatable disease.